The Popes: St. Peter-Presnt.(Chron./Detail) (6)

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The Popes: From St. Peter to Present (Cont.)

Sources: Various | Last update: 5/31/05

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11th Century
Supreme Pontiff	Detail (dates*, ages, prior name, feast, comment/attributes, etc.)
141. John XVII	Birth Date: N/A Beginning of Reign: May 16, 1003 End of Reign: November 6, 1003 Date of Death: November 6, 1003 Approx. Age at Beginning of Reign: N/A Lived to Approx. Age: N/A Approx. Length of Reign: Nearly 6 months Prior Name (if different): John Sicco Feast Day (if applicable): N/A Possibly a member of the Crescentii family. Pontificate is believed to have been under the domination of John Crescentius.
142. John XVIII	Birth Date: N/A Beginning of Reign: December 25, 1003 End of Reign: June/July 1009 Date of Death: June/July 1009 Approx. Age at Beginning of Reign: N/A Lived to Approx. Age: N/A Approx. Length of Reign: Approx. 5.5 years Prior Name (if different): John Fasanus Feast Day (if applicable): N/A Possibly a member of the Crescentii family. Asserted papal primacy. Declared saints. May have abdicated before he died (he died as a monk).
143. Sergius IV	Birth Date: N/A Beginning of Reign: July 31, 1009 End of Reign: May 12, 1012 Date of Death: May 12, 1012 Approx. Age at Beginning of Reign: N/A Lived to Approx. Age: N/A Approx. Length of Reign: Nearly 3 years Prior Name (if different): Peter Feast Day (if applicable): N/A During his pontificate, Islamic forces occupied Jerusalem and seized the Holy Places. The pope unsuccessfully tried to form an alliance to drive the Arabs out of Sicily. Assisted the poor during a famine. There is suspicion that his death was not brought on by natural causes.
144. Benedict VIII	Birth Date: c. 980 Beginning of Reign: May 17, 1012 End of Reign: April 9, 1024 Date of Death: April 9, 1024 Approx. Age at Beginning of Reign: 32 Lived to Approx. Age: 44 Approx. Length of Reign: Nearly 12 years Prior Name (if different): Theophylact Feast Day (if applicable): N/A A relative of the ruthless (now deceased) Marozia, he was elected due to the powerful Tusculum family. He has been regarded as an astute politician. Condemned simony and clerical marriages, and personally participated in military campaigns.
145. John XIX	Birth Date: N/A Beginning of Reign: April 19, 1024 End of Reign: October 20, 1032 Date of Death: October 20, 1032 Approx. Age at Beginning of Reign: N/A Lived to Approx. Age: N/A Approx. Length of Reign: Approx. 8.5 years Prior Name (if different): Romanus Feast Day (if applicable): N/A A relative of Benedict VIII, he was similarly elected due to the powerful Tusculum family. He was a layman at his election. As pope, he crowned the emperor and has been considered "politically astute".
146. Benedict IX	Birth Date: c. 1005 Beginning of Reign: October 21, 1032 End of Reign: September 1044 Date of Death: c. 1055/1056 Approx. Age at Beginning of Reign: 27 Lived to Approx. Age: 50-51 Approx. Length of Reign: Nearly 12 years Prior Name (if different): Theophylact Feast Day (if applicable): N/A He reigned as pope for three separate periods. Prior to election, he was a layman. He has been considered a competent pontiff, although his personal life has been called scandalous. His first reign ended in exile.
147. Silvester (Sylvester) III	Birth Date: N/A Beginning of Reign: January 20, 1045 End of Reign: March 10, 1045 Date of Death: 1063 Approx. Age at Beginning of Reign: N/A Lived to Approx. Age: N/A Approx. Length of Reign: Approx. 2 months Prior Name (if different): John of Sabina Feast Day (if applicable): N/A Although not usually regarded as an antipope, Silvester's election is open to question since Benedict IX was never formally deposed. Silvester was, however, formally deposed after Benedict IX reclaimed the throne.
148. Benedict IX (2nd reign)	Birth Date: c. 1005 Beginning of Reign: March 10, 1045 End of Reign: May 1, 1045 Date of Death: c. 1055/1056 Approx. Age at Beginning of Reign: 40 Lived to Approx. Age: 50-51 Approx. Length of Reign: Approx. 2 months Prior Name (if different): Theophylact Feast Day (if applicable): N/A After resuming his pontificate, he excommunicated Silvester III. Shortly thereafter, he abdicated the papacy in favor of his godfather (he has been charged with selling the papacy to him).
149. Gregory VI	Birth Date: N/A Beginning of Reign: May 1, 1045 End of Reign: December 20, 1046 Date of Death: late 1047 Approx. Age at Beginning of Reign: "elderly" Lived to Approx. Age: "old age" Approx. Length of Reign: Approx. 19 months Prior Name (if different): John Gratian Feast Day (if applicable): N/A Although he was well-respected, it is said that he obtained the election due to bribery. He eventually abdicated (or was deposed).
150. Clement II	Birth Date: N/A Beginning of Reign: December 24/25, 1046 End of Reign: October 9, 1047 Date of Death: October 9, 1047 Approx. Age at Beginning of Reign: N/A Lived to Approx. Age: N/A Approx. Length of Reign: Approx. 9 months Prior Name (if different): Suidger Feast Day (if applicable): N/A When the various claimants to the papal throne were deposed (or had abdicated), he was chosen pope. He condemned simony, but lived only for a short time.
151. Benedict IX (3rd reign)	Birth Date: c. 1005 Beginning of Reign: November 8, 1047 End of Reign: July 16, 1048 Date of Death: c. 1055/1056 Approx. Age at Beginning of Reign: 42 Lived to Approx. Age: 50-51 Approx. Length of Reign: Just over 8 months Prior Name (if different): Theophylact Feast Day (if applicable): N/A He once again reclaimed the papal throne, but was again driven out.
152. Damasus II	Birth Date: N/A Beginning of Reign: July 17, 1048 End of Reign: August 9, 1048 Date of Death: August 9, 1048 Approx. Age at Beginning of Reign: N/A Lived to Approx. Age: N/A Approx. Length of Reign: 23 days Prior Name (if different): Poppo Feast Day (if applicable): N/A Shortly after his consecration, he left Rome to escape the summer heat. He died within weeks of his elevation.
153. St. Leo IX	Birth Date: June 21, 1002 Beginning of Reign: February 12, 1049 End of Reign: April 19, 1054 Date of Death: April 19, 1054 Approx. Age at Beginning of Reign: 47 Lived to Approx. Age: 52 Approx. Length of Reign: Over 5 years Prior Name (if different): Bruno Feast Day (if applicable): April 19 Cousin of the emperor. Condemned clerical marriage and concubinage, simony. Instituted reforms, asserted papal primacy, and defended the Real Presence. Engaged in military campaign which resulted in his capture and imprisonment. His papacy saw the formal break between Rome and Constantinople in 1054 over the condemnation of the patriarch of Constantinople, Michael Caerularius (the formal beginning of the "Great Schism" between East and West). Was the first sainted pope in many years.
154. Victor II	Birth Date: c. 1018 Beginning of Reign: April 13, 1055 End of Reign: July 28, 1057 Date of Death: July 28, 1057 Approx. Age at Beginning of Reign: 37 Lived to Approx. Age: 39 Approx. Length of Reign: Over 2 years Prior Name (if different): Gebhard Feast Day (if applicable): N/A Held synod at Florence, continued reforms, deposed unworthy bishops, defended clerical celibacy, condemned simony, and affected reconciliations.
155. Stephen X (IX)	Birth Date: N/A Beginning of Reign: August 2/3, 1057 End of Reign: March 29, 1058 Date of Death: March 29, 1058 Approx. Age at Beginning of Reign: N/A Lived to Approx. Age: N/A Approx. Length of Reign: Approx. 8 months Prior Name (if different): Frederick of Lorraine Feast Day (if applicable): N/A Brother of the Duke of Tuscany. Decreed against clerical marriage. Died after a short reign.
156. Nicholas II	Birth Date: c. 1010 Beginning of Reign: December 6, 1058 End of Reign: July, 1061 Date of Death: July, 1061 Approx. Age at Beginning of Reign: 48 Lived to Approx. Age: 51 Approx. Length of Reign: Approx. 2.5 years Prior Name (if different): Gerard Feast Day (if applicable): N/A Decreed regarding papal elections. Was threatened by an antipope who was later brought to him and deposed. Condemned simony and prohibited lay investiture.
157. Alexander II	Birth Date: N/A Beginning of Reign: September 30/October 1, 1061 End of Reign: April 21, 1073 Date of Death: April 21, 1073 Approx. Age at Beginning of Reign: N/A Lived to Approx. Age: N/A Approx. Length of Reign: Over 11.5 years Prior Name (if different): Anselm of Baggio Feast Day (if applicable): N/A For years he had to deal with a rival pope (antipope). Condemned simony, forbid lay persons to attend masses celebrated by married priests, supported military campaigns. He is credited with instituting the feast of the Holy Trinity on the Sunday after Pentecost. He eventually clashed with King Henry.
158. St. Gregory VII	Birth Date: c. 1020 Beginning of Reign: April 22/June 30, 1073 End of Reign: May 25, 1085 Date of Death: May 25, 1085 Approx. Age at Beginning of Reign: 53 Lived to Approx. Age: 65 Approx. Length of Reign: Over 12 years Prior Name (if different): Hildebrand Feast Day (if applicable): May 25 Promoted papal primacy, condemned simony, enforced clerical celibacy, prohibited lay investiture, and is said to have brought a condemned teacher around to accept the doctrine of Transubstantiation. He claimed secular power and sought to abolish royal control in ecclesiastical matters. The emperor was angered by his actions, and a synod of the emperor attempted to depose the pope. The pope excommunicated the emperor; the emperor planned to elect an antipope and captured Rome. Gregory died in exile.
159. Bl. Victor III	Birth Date: c. 1027 Beginning of Reign: May 24, 1086 End of Reign: September 16, 1087 Date of Death: September 16, 1087 Approx. Age at Beginning of Reign: 59 Lived to Approx. Age: 60 Approx. Length of Reign: Approx. 16 months Prior Name (if different): Desiderius (Daufer, Daufari) Feast Day (if applicable): September 16 Was a successful abbot before his election. Struggled against an antipope. Held a council that prohibited lay investiture and condemned simoniacal ordinations. He died after a short pontificate.
160. Bl. Urban II	Birth Date: c. 1035 Beginning of Reign: March 12, 1088 End of Reign: July 29, 1099 Date of Death: July 29, 1099 Approx. Age at Beginning of Reign: 53 Lived to Approx. Age: 64 Approx. Length of Reign: Over 11 years Prior Name (if different): Odo (Eudes) Feast Day (if applicable): July 29 Struggled against an antipope and, at one point, he had to retreat from Rome. Condemned clerical marriage, simony, and lay investiture. Supported efforts to reconquer Christian lands which had been taken by the Muslims. Launched the First Crusade in 1095 to take back Jerusalem from the Muslim conquerors and promised a Plenary Indulgence in connection with participation in the crusade.
161. Pascal (Paschal) II	Birth Date: N/A Beginning of Reign: August 13, 1099 End of Reign: January 21, 1118 Date of Death: January 21, 1118 Approx. Age at Beginning of Reign: N/A Lived to Approx. Age: N/A Approx. Length of Reign: Approx. 18.5 years Prior Name (if different): Rainerius Feast Day (if applicable): N/A Word that the First Crusade, launched by Bl. Urban II, was successfully completed came at the beginning of Pascal's reign. During his reign, he had to struggle against several antipopes and unrest in the city. Prohibited lay investiture and held synods. He was imprisoned and pressured to change his position on lay investiture (his reversal was later annulled).
Top \| The Popes
12th Century
Supreme Pontiff	Detail (dates*, ages, prior name, feast, comment/attributes, etc.)
162. Gelasius II	Birth Date: N/A Beginning of Reign: January 24, 1118 End of Reign: January 28, 1119 Date of Death: January 28, 1119 Approx. Age at Beginning of Reign: "elderly" Lived to Approx. Age: "old age" Approx. Length of Reign: Just over 1 year Prior Name (if different): John of Gaeta Feast Day (if applicable): N/A Shortly after election, he was attacked and imprisoned, and had to flee Rome. He also had to struggle with an antipope. He sanctioned the Norbertines.
163. Callistus II	Birth Date: c. 1050 Beginning of Reign: February 2, 1119 End of Reign: December 14, 1124 Date of Death: December 14, 1124 Approx. Age at Beginning of Reign: 69 Lived to Approx. Age: 74 Approx. Length of Reign: Nearly 6 years Prior Name (if different): Guido of Burgundy Feast Day (if applicable): N/A Struggled against an antipope. Came to a settlement regarding the investiture controversy (Concordat of Worms). Held the First Lateran Council.
164. Honorius II	Birth Date: N/A Beginning of Reign: December 21, 1124 End of Reign: February 13, 1130 Date of Death: February 13, 1130 Approx. Age at Beginning of Reign: N/A Lived to Approx. Age: N/A Approx. Length of Reign: Over 5 years Prior Name (if different): Lamberto of Ostia Feast Day (if applicable): N/A After a turbulent beginning, Honorius was elected pope. He aided the German king, approved the order of the Knights Templar, and confirmed the Norbertines.
165. Innocent II	Birth Date: N/A Beginning of Reign: February 14/23, 1130 End of Reign: September 24, 1143 Date of Death: September 24, 1143 Approx. Age at Beginning of Reign: N/A Lived to Approx. Age: N/A Approx. Length of Reign: Over 13.5 years Prior Name (if different): Gregorio Papareschi Feast Day (if applicable): N/A Was elected quickly upon the death of Honorius. Another election was held and another candidate was chosen. Both were consecrated pope on the same day and an eight year schism ensued. At one point he was forced to retreat from Rome. Innocent was more widely recognized as pope and his rival died in 1138. Innocent held the Second Lateran Council which annulled the actions of the antipope. He also confirmed the condemnation of the heretic Peter Abelard. Later he was held prisoner, and suffered a rift with the French king as well as rioting in Rome.
166. Celestine II	Birth Date: N/A Beginning of Reign: September 26, 1143 End of Reign: March 8, 1144 Date of Death: March 8, 1144 Approx. Age at Beginning of Reign: "elderly" Lived to Approx. Age: "old age" Approx. Length of Reign: Under 6 months Prior Name (if different): Guido of Citta di Castello Feast Day (if applicable): N/A A supporter of Innocent II, he was elected pope two days after Innocent's death. He lifted the interdict against Louis VII of France.
167. Lucius II	Birth Date: N/A Beginning of Reign: March 12, 1144 End of Reign: February 15, 1145 Date of Death: February 15, 1145 Approx. Age at Beginning of Reign: N/A Lived to Approx. Age: N/A Approx. Length of Reign: Approx. 11 months Prior Name (if different): Gherardo Caccianemici Feast Day (if applicable): N/A Faced political difficulties and insurgence. He died of combat injuries.
168. Bl. Eugenius (Eugene) III	Birth Date: N/A Beginning of Reign: February 15, 1145 End of Reign: July 8, 1153 Date of Death: July 8, 1153 Approx. Age at Beginning of Reign: N/A Lived to Approx. Age: N/A Approx. Length of Reign: Nearly 8.5 years Prior Name (if different): Bernardo Pignatelli Feast Day (if applicable): July 8 His papacy began outside Rome at a time when Rome suffered from insurgence. He held important synods, called for a Second Crusade (which failed), sought rapprochement with the schismatic Eastern Church, intervened in England, strengthened ties with Ireland, and expounded upon papal authority.
169. Anastasius IV	Birth Date: N/A Beginning of Reign: July 8, 1153 End of Reign: December 3, 1154 Date of Death: December 3, 1154 Approx. Age at Beginning of Reign: "elderly" Lived to Approx. Age: "old age" Approx. Length of Reign: Approx. 17 months Prior Name (if different): Corrado Feast Day (if applicable): N/A Was elected pope on the day Eugenius died. Considered a peacemaker.
170. Adrian (Hadrian) IV	Birth Date: c. 1100 Beginning of Reign: December 4, 1154 End of Reign: September 1, 1159 Date of Death: September 1, 1159 Approx. Age at Beginning of Reign: 54 Lived to Approx. Age: 59 Approx. Length of Reign: Nearly 5 years Prior Name (if different): Nicholas Breakspear Feast Day (if applicable): N/A First English pope. Defended papal rights, placed Rome under an interdict, conflicted with the German king.
171. Alexander III	Birth Date: c. 1100/1105 Beginning of Reign: September 7, 1159 End of Reign: August 30, 1181 Date of Death: August 30, 1181 Approx. Age at Beginning of Reign: 54-59 Lived to Approx. Age: 76-81 Approx. Length of Reign: Nearly 22 years Prior Name (if different): Orlando (Roland) Bandinelli Feast Day (if applicable): N/A Shortly after election, an antipope was also elected and Alexander was forced to leave Rome. The battle over papal control would last for most of his long pontificate. He called the Third Lateran Council and is credited with effective administration and forming a substantial part of Church law.
172. Lucius III	Birth Date: c. 1097/1110 Beginning of Reign: September 1, 1181 End of Reign: November 25, 1185 Date of Death: November 25, 1185 Approx. Age at Beginning of Reign: 71-84 Lived to Approx. Age: 75-88 Approx. Length of Reign: Over 4 years Prior Name (if different): Ubaldo Allucingoli Feast Day (if applicable): N/A Spent most of his time outside Rome due to conditions there. Wanted peace. Assisted in formulating a plan against heresy.
173. Urban III	Birth Date: N/A Beginning of Reign: November 25, 1185 End of Reign: October 19/20, 1187 Date of Death: October 19/20, 1187 Approx. Age at Beginning of Reign: N/A Lived to Approx. Age: N/A Approx. Length of Reign: Nearly 2 years Prior Name (if different): Umberto Crivelli Feast Day (if applicable): N/A Was elected pope on the day Lucius died. His pontificate saw the worsening of imperial relations and the occupation of papal lands..
174. Gregory VIII	Birth Date: c. 1110 Beginning of Reign: October 21, 1187 End of Reign: December 17, 1187 Date of Death: December 17, 1187 Approx. Age at Beginning of Reign: 77 Lived to Approx. Age: 77 Approx. Length of Reign: 57 days Prior Name (if different): Alberto de Morra Feast Day (if applicable): N/A Reestablished relations with the emperor. Launched the Third Crusade to recover the Holy Land. Died after a short pontificate.
175. Clement III	Birth Date: N/A Beginning of Reign: December 19, 1187 End of Reign: March/April 1191 Date of Death: March/April 1191 Approx. Age at Beginning of Reign: N/A Lived to Approx. Age: N/A Approx. Length of Reign: Over 3 years Prior Name (if different): Paolo Scolari Feast Day (if applicable): N/A Returned the papacy to Rome and sought to recover papal lands. Promoted the Third Crusade.
176. Celestine III	Birth Date: c. 1105 Beginning of Reign: March/April 1191 End of Reign: January 8, 1198 Date of Death: January 8, 1198 Approx. Age at Beginning of Reign: 86 Lived to Approx. Age: 93 Approx. Length of Reign: Nearly 7 years Prior Name (if different): Giacinto Bobo Feast Day (if applicable): N/A Was in is mid-eighties when elected pope, forty seven of those spent as a cardinal. As pope, he was patient and conciliatory. Gave approval to military orders.
177. Innocent III	Birth Date: c. 1160/1161 Beginning of Reign: January 8, 1198 End of Reign: July 16, 1216 Date of Death: July 16, 1216 Approx. Age at Beginning of Reign: 37-38 Lived to Approx. Age: 55-56 Approx. Length of Reign: Just over 18.5 years Prior Name (if different): Lotario Feast Day (if applicable): N/A A young man with a high regard for the papal office, he defended the temporal and spiritual powers of the papacy. He was a skilled diplomat who defended the sanctity of marriage. He considered heresy treason against God and is praised for his legal skills. He recognized the orders of St. Dominic and St. Francis of Assisi and called for a crusade against the Albigenses (who had murdered his legate). He called the Fourth Lateran Council which required annual confession and annual reception of Holy Communion, reinforced the necessity of being in the Church for salvation, formally canonized the term 'Transubstantiation', and fought heresy.
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* All dates A.D.

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25+ Traditional Latin Mass Coloring Images For Children Or Adults [Low Mass]

"Enjoyable & Educational!"

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Catholic Classics Reprint Now Available!

In Heaven We Know Our Own - Or, Solace for the Suffering

This 'Catholic Classic', which offers consoling 'proof' that the faithful departed remember, love & care for those in heaven and for those still remaining on earth, is a "great balm of comfort" to those who have lost a spouse, child, parent, friend, or other loved one. "A thoughtful bereavement gift, and a 'must-have' for grieving Catholics!"

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Kindle Version Just $2.99!

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Setting The Record Straight About Luther

Important Things Catholics Should Know About The 'Reformer'

Don't miss this 'eye-opening' treatise concerning Martin Luther, the catalyst / leader of the ' Reformation ' (a.k.a. Protestant Rebellion)

Includes: Facts which demonstrate that Luther was NOT sent by God, Luther received approval of his teaching from Satan, Luther's misbehavior, some results of Luther's teachings, Luther admits he could be wrong, and more...

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Kindle Version Just $5.99

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BIG Book of Latin Activities For Catholics

Beginning - Intermediate (Vol. 1)

"Suitable For Children Or Adults!" ~ "Perfect For Home Schoolers!"

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As many faithful Catholics already know, the majestic Latin language – the 'official language' of the Catholic Church – promotes unity, helps safeguard the purity of doctrine, connects us with our Catholic ancestors, allows us to pray in "one voice", and even ties back to the inscription on the Cross which was written in Hebrew, Latin, and Greek. The Latin language is still used today in the precious treasure that is the Traditional Latin ('Tridentine') Mass, in 'everyday speech' (much of English is derived from Latin), in mottos, in specialized fields, and in educational endeavors. It has been shown that the study of Latin brings many benefits. "And, Latin is truly the language of heaven!"

If you enjoy Latin, you may be glad to know that this full-sized (8.5" x 11"), tradition-minded publication features an assortment of activity types related to Latin (including: word searches, crosswords, coloring activities, challenges, fill-ins, spelling bee, quizzes, unscrambles, true/false, multiple choice, matching, cross-offs, circling, word associations, translation exercises, and more...), and treats of various topics (including: common Latin words, Latin language facts, Latin grammar, nouns & verbs, abbreviations, phrases / sayings / mottos, prefixes, cardinal numbers, grammatical gender, inflection, word roots, diacritics / accenting, pronunciation, Latin prayers / hymns, Scripture verses, Catholic phrases, and more...).

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" Fun & Educational! "

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